SEW
Last updated
Last updated
SEW (Squeezed and Efficient Wav2Vec) was proposed in by Felix Wu, Kwangyoun Kim, Jing Pan, Kyu Han, Kilian Q. Weinberger, Yoav Artzi.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
This paper is a study of performance-efficiency trade-offs in pre-trained models for automatic speech recognition (ASR). We focus on wav2vec 2.0, and formalize several architecture designs that influence both the model performance and its efficiency. Putting together all our observations, we introduce SEW (Squeezed and Efficient Wav2vec), a pre-trained model architecture with significant improvements along both performance and efficiency dimensions across a variety of training setups. For example, under the 100h-960h semi-supervised setup on LibriSpeech, SEW achieves a 1.9x inference speedup compared to wav2vec 2.0, with a 13.5% relative reduction in word error rate. With a similar inference time, SEW reduces word error rate by 25-50% across different model sizes.
Tips:
SEW is a speech model that accepts a float array corresponding to the raw waveform of the speech signal.
SEWForCTC is fine-tuned using connectionist temporal classification (CTC) so the model output has to be decoded using .
This model was contributed by .
( vocab_size = 32hidden_size = 768num_hidden_layers = 12num_attention_heads = 12intermediate_size = 3072squeeze_factor = 2hidden_act = 'gelu'hidden_dropout = 0.1activation_dropout = 0.1attention_dropout = 0.1feat_proj_dropout = 0.0final_dropout = 0.1layerdrop = 0.1initializer_range = 0.02layer_norm_eps = 1e-05feat_extract_norm = 'group'feat_extract_activation = 'gelu'conv_dim = (64, 128, 128, 128, 128, 256, 256, 256, 256, 512, 512, 512, 512)conv_stride = (5, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1)conv_kernel = (10, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1)conv_bias = Falsenum_conv_pos_embeddings = 128num_conv_pos_embedding_groups = 16apply_spec_augment = Truemask_time_prob = 0.05mask_time_length = 10mask_time_min_masks = 2mask_feature_prob = 0.0mask_feature_length = 10mask_feature_min_masks = 0ctc_loss_reduction = 'mean'ctc_zero_infinity = Falseuse_weighted_layer_sum = Falseclassifier_proj_size = 256pad_token_id = 0bos_token_id = 1eos_token_id = 2**kwargs )
Parameters
vocab_size (int, optional, defaults to 32) — Vocabulary size of the SEW model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be represented by the inputs_ids passed when calling SEW.
hidden_size (int, optional, defaults to 768) — Dimensionality of the encoder layers and the pooler layer.
num_hidden_layers (int, optional, defaults to 12) — Number of hidden layers in the Transformer encoder.
num_attention_heads (int, optional, defaults to 12) — Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
intermediate_size (int, optional, defaults to 3072) — Dimensionality of the “intermediate” (i.e., feed-forward) layer in the Transformer encoder.
squeeze_factor (int, optional, defaults to 2) — Sequence length downsampling factor after the encoder and upsampling factor after the transformer.
hidden_act (str or function, optional, defaults to "gelu") — The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, "gelu", "relu", "selu" and "gelu_new" are supported.
hidden_dropout (float, optional, defaults to 0.1) — The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the embeddings, encoder, and pooler.
activation_dropout (float, optional, defaults to 0.1) — The dropout ratio for activations inside the fully connected layer.
attention_dropout (float, optional, defaults to 0.1) — The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
initializer_range (float, optional, defaults to 0.02) — The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
layer_norm_eps (float, optional, defaults to 1e-12) — The epsilon used by the layer normalization layers.
feat_extract_norm (str, optional, defaults to "group") — The norm to be applied to 1D convolutional layers in feature encoder. One of "group" for group normalization of only the first 1D convolutional layer or "layer" for layer normalization of all 1D convolutional layers.
feat_proj_dropout (float, optional, defaults to 0.0) — The dropout probability for output of the feature encoder.
feat_extract_activation (str, optional, defaults to “gelu”) -- The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the 1D convolutional layers of the feature extractor. If string, “gelu”, “relu”, “selu”and“gelu_new”` are supported.
conv_dim (Tuple[int] or List[int], optional, defaults to (64, 128, 128, 128, 128, 256, 256, 256, 256, 512, 512, 512, 512)) — A tuple of integers defining the number of input and output channels of each 1D convolutional layer in the feature encoder. The length of conv_dim defines the number of 1D convolutional layers.
conv_stride (Tuple[int] or List[int], optional, defaults to (5, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1)) — A tuple of integers defining the stride of each 1D convolutional layer in the feature encoder. The length of conv_stride defines the number of convolutional layers and has to match the length of conv_dim.
conv_kernel (Tuple[int] or List[int], optional, defaults to (10, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1)) — A tuple of integers defining the kernel size of each 1D convolutional layer in the feature encoder. The length of conv_kernel defines the number of convolutional layers and has to match the length of conv_dim.
conv_bias (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether the 1D convolutional layers have a bias.
num_conv_pos_embeddings (int, optional, defaults to 128) — Number of convolutional positional embeddings. Defines the kernel size of 1D convolutional positional embeddings layer.
num_conv_pos_embedding_groups (int, optional, defaults to 16) — Number of groups of 1D convolutional positional embeddings layer.
mask_time_prob (float, optional, defaults to 0.05) — Percentage (between 0 and 1) of all feature vectors along the time axis which will be masked. The masking procecure generates ”mask_time_problen(time_axis)/mask_time_length” independent masks over the axis. If reasoning from the propability of each feature vector to be chosen as the start of the vector span to be masked, mask_time_prob should be `prob_vector_startmask_time_length. Note that overlap may decrease the actual percentage of masked vectors. This is only relevant if apply_spec_augment is True`.
mask_time_length (int, optional, defaults to 10) — Length of vector span along the time axis.
mask_time_min_masks (int, optional, defaults to 2), — The minimum number of masks of length mask_feature_length generated along the time axis, each time step, irrespectively of mask_feature_prob. Only relevant if ”mask_time_prob*len(time_axis)/mask_time_length < mask_time_min_masks”
mask_feature_prob (float, optional, defaults to 0.0) — Percentage (between 0 and 1) of all feature vectors along the feature axis which will be masked. The masking procecure generates ”mask_feature_problen(feature_axis)/mask_time_length” independent masks over the axis. If reasoning from the propability of each feature vector to be chosen as the start of the vector span to be masked, mask_feature_prob should be `prob_vector_startmask_feature_length. Note that overlap may decrease the actual percentage of masked vectors. This is only relevant if apply_spec_augment is True`.
mask_feature_length (int, optional, defaults to 10) — Length of vector span along the feature axis.
mask_feature_min_masks (int, optional, defaults to 0), — The minimum number of masks of length mask_feature_length generated along the feature axis, each time step, irrespectively of mask_feature_prob. Only relevant if ”mask_feature_prob*len(feature_axis)/mask_feature_length < mask_feature_min_masks”
classifier_proj_size (int, optional, defaults to 256) — Dimensionality of the projection before token mean-pooling for classification.
Example:
Copied
( config: SEWConfig )
Parameters
forward
Parameters
attention_mask (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) — Mask to avoid performing convolution and attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
output_attentions (bool, optional) — Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned tensors for more detail.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for more detail.
Returns
last_hidden_state (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)) — Sequence of hidden-states at the output of the last layer of the model.
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, + one for the output of each layer) of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while the latter silently ignores them.
Example:
Copied
( configtarget_lang: typing.Optional[str] = None )
Parameters
forward
Parameters
attention_mask (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) — Mask to avoid performing convolution and attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
output_attentions (bool, optional) — Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned tensors for more detail.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for more detail.
labels (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, target_length), optional) — Labels for connectionist temporal classification. Note that target_length has to be smaller or equal to the sequence length of the output logits. Indices are selected in [-100, 0, ..., config.vocab_size - 1]. All labels set to -100 are ignored (masked), the loss is only computed for labels in [0, ..., config.vocab_size - 1].
Returns
loss (torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,), optional, returned when labels is provided) — Language modeling loss (for next-token prediction).
logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) — Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, + one for the output of each layer) of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while the latter silently ignores them.
Example:
Copied
( config )
Parameters
SEW Model with a sequence classification head on top (a linear layer over the pooled output) for tasks like SUPERB Keyword Spotting.
forward
Parameters
attention_mask (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) — Mask to avoid performing convolution and attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
output_attentions (bool, optional) — Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned tensors for more detail.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for more detail.
labels (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size,), optional) — Labels for computing the sequence classification/regression loss. Indices should be in [0, ..., config.num_labels - 1]. If config.num_labels == 1 a regression loss is computed (Mean-Square loss), If config.num_labels > 1 a classification loss is computed (Cross-Entropy).
Returns
loss (torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,), optional, returned when labels is provided) — Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) loss.
logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, config.num_labels)) — Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) scores (before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, + one for the output of each layer) of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while the latter silently ignores them.
Example:
Copied
final_dropout (float, optional, defaults to 0.1) — The dropout probability for the final projection layer of .
layerdrop (float, optional, defaults to 0.1) — The LayerDrop probability. See the [LayerDrop paper](see ) for more details.
apply_spec_augment (bool, optional, defaults to True) — Whether to apply SpecAugment data augmentation to the outputs of the feature encoder. For reference see .
ctc_loss_reduction (str, optional, defaults to "sum") — Specifies the reduction to apply to the output of torch.nn.CTCLoss. Only relevant when training an instance of .
ctc_zero_infinity (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether to zero infinite losses and the associated gradients of torch.nn.CTCLoss. Infinite losses mainly occur when the inputs are too short to be aligned to the targets. Only relevant when training an instance of .
use_weighted_layer_sum (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether to use a weighted average of layer outputs with learned weights. Only relevant when using an instance of .
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a . It is used to instantiate a SEW model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the SEW architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the documentation from for more information.
config () — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the method to load the model weights.
The bare SEW Model transformer outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top. SEW was proposed in by Felix Wu, Kwangyoun Kim, Jing Pan, Kyu Han, Kilian Q. Weinberger, Yoav Artzi.
This model inherits from . Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving etc.).
This model is a PyTorch sub-class. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.
( input_values: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor]attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = Nonemask_time_indices: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = Noneoutput_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = Noneoutput_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = Nonereturn_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None ) → or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
input_values (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) — Float values of input raw speech waveform. Values can be obtained by loading a .flac or .wav audio file into an array of type List[float] or a numpy.ndarray, e.g. via the soundfile library (pip install soundfile). To prepare the array into input_values, the should be used for padding and conversion into a tensor of type torch.FloatTensor. See for details.
return_dict (bool, optional) — Whether or not to return a instead of a plain tuple.
or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
A or a tuple of torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the configuration () and inputs.
The forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
config () — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the method to load the model weights.
SEW Model with a language modeling head on top for Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC). SEW was proposed in by Felix Wu, Kwangyoun Kim, Jing Pan, Kyu Han, Kilian Q. Weinberger, Yoav Artzi.
This model inherits from . Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving etc.).
This model is a PyTorch sub-class. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.
( input_values: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor]attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = Noneoutput_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = Noneoutput_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = Nonereturn_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = Nonelabels: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None ) → or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
input_values (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) — Float values of input raw speech waveform. Values can be obtained by loading a .flac or .wav audio file into an array of type List[float] or a numpy.ndarray, e.g. via the soundfile library (pip install soundfile). To prepare the array into input_values, the should be used for padding and conversion into a tensor of type torch.FloatTensor. See for details.
return_dict (bool, optional) — Whether or not to return a instead of a plain tuple.
or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
A or a tuple of torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the configuration () and inputs.
The forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
config () — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the method to load the model weights.
SEW was proposed in by Felix Wu, Kwangyoun Kim, Jing Pan, Kyu Han, Kilian Q. Weinberger, Yoav Artzi.
This model inherits from . Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving etc.).
This model is a PyTorch sub-class. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.
( input_values: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor]attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = Noneoutput_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = Noneoutput_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = Nonereturn_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = Nonelabels: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None ) → or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
input_values (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) — Float values of input raw speech waveform. Values can be obtained by loading a .flac or .wav audio file into an array of type List[float] or a numpy.ndarray, e.g. via the soundfile library (pip install soundfile). To prepare the array into input_values, the should be used for padding and conversion into a tensor of type torch.FloatTensor. See for details.
return_dict (bool, optional) — Whether or not to return a instead of a plain tuple.
or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
A or a tuple of torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the configuration () and inputs.
The forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.